Aneuploid yeast strains that carry an extra copy of one or more chromosomes exhibit defects in cell cycle progression. This phenotype was observed across multiple aneuploid strains regardless of which specific chromosome was duplicated, indicating that the cell cycle defect is a general consequence of aneuploidaneuploidy rather than related to the identity of the extra chromosomes. [@torres_effects_2007]
Definitions
- aneuploidaneuploidy
- cell cycle progression
- chromosome duplication
- phenotype
- haploid yeast
- euploid
- Aneuploid
Synthesis
Studies in haploid yeast establish that aneuploidy consistently impairs cell cycle progression regardless of which specific chromosome is duplicated, revealing this effect as a general consequence of chromosomal imbalance rather than a gene-specific phenomenon. The mechanistic basis appears to center on proteotoxic stress: extra chromosomes produce additional proteins that create stoichiometric imbalances in cellular protein composition, leading not only to cell cycle delays but also to increased glucose uptake and heightened sensitivity to protein synthesis interference. These shared phenotypic traits across different aneuploid strains—including proliferative disadvantages and metabolic alterations—indicate that the fitness costs arise from a universal proteostasis burden imposed by chromosome duplication. While the connection between protein imbalance and cell cycle defects is well-supported, the precise molecular checkpoints and pathways through which proteotoxic stress translates into delayed cell cycle progression remain areas for further investigation.
Related
- Mps1 truncation-induced CIN generates convergent recurrent chromosome gains
- Different aneuploid cells share common fitness-related traits
- Extra chromosome genes drive aneuploid phenotypes through imbalanced protein composition
- Aneuploidy heightens sensitivity to protein synthesis interference
- Aneuploidy increases glucose uptake in yeast cells
- Aneuploidy exhibits dual roles as oncogenic and tumor-suppressive
- Aneuploidy causes proliferative disadvantage independent of extra chromosome identity